INTRODUCTION: The impact of the menstrual cycle on mood, appetite, dietary intake, and body composition remains a topic of debate in scientific literature. This study aims to evaluate nutritional behavior and body changes across the menstrual cycle by comparing dietary records and anthropometric measurements during the three distinct phases: the secretory phase, menstruation, and the proliferative phase.
METHODS: This prospective study involved 34 healthy, regularly menstruating women aged 20–39 years. The phases of the menstrual cycle – secretory, menstruation, and proliferative – were determined by an obstetrician. The data collection form included sociodemographic questions (age, marital status, income, and education level) and a section on nutritional behaviors across the three menstrual cycle phases. Anthropometric measurements were obtained using bioelectrical impedance analysis during each phase of the menstrual cycle. In addition, 3-day food records were collected for each phase to assess dietary intake.
RESULTS: Women experienced significant changes in anxiety, tiredness, irritability, depressive thinking, pain, swelling, edema, sweet cravings, and appetite across menstrual cycle phases (p<0.05). The body water and weight were highest during the secretory phase, while body fat percentage peaked during menstruation, and body muscle percentage was greatest in the proliferative phase. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). During the menstruation phase, there was a notable increase in the intake of fiber, vitamin B1, vitamin B9, vitamin C, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc compared to the secretory phase. While energy, carbohydrate, and protein intakes increased during menstruation and fat intake was higher in the proliferative phase, these differences were not statistically significant.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Women experienced changes in mood and appetite throughout the menstrual cycle, but no significant alterations were observed in anthropometric measurements. Understanding these variations is crucial for addressing women’s health and menstrual well-being.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to compare the instant effects of different foot interventions on balance and reaction time in healthy individuals.
METHODS: The study was conducted as a single-blind randomized controlled trial. A total of 102 healthy participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups: Group I (the static stretching group), Group II (the static stretching and self-massage group), and Group III (the static stretching and massage group). Participants underwent single-leg balance tests with eyes open and closed, the Y-balance test, and the Nelson foot reaction test, both before and after the intervention. Demographic data were collected through a questionnaire.
RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was found between pre- and post-intervention values of the single-leg standing test with eyes open and closed among the groups (p < 0.05). In the group comparison, it was observed that the pre-intervention values of Group III for the single-leg standing test with eyes open were higher than those of Group I and Group II (p<0.017). No statistically significant differences were found between pre- and post-intervention values for the Y-balance test among the groups (p>0.05). However, the post-intervention values of the Nelson test for Group II were found to be higher than those of Group I (p<0.017).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The findings of the study indicate that self-massage and massage applications have positive effects on balance and reaction time.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to examine the attitudes and levels of knowledge among Turkish wrestlers regarding athlete nutritional supplements and doping, with the objective of investigating their potential applications in enhancing muscle endurance and reducing recovery times.
METHODS: A total of 196 elite wrestlers voluntarily participated in the study, competing in the Greco-Roman, women’s, and freestyle categories. Participants’ attitudes and knowledge levels regarding sports nutritional supplements and doping, along with their anthropometric data, were assessed through a three-stage questionnaire and face-to-face interviews.
RESULTS: Significant differences were observed among participants competing in the Greco-Roman and women’s styles and those in the freestyle category regarding the previous use of sports nutritional supplements (p=0.003; p<0.01). In comparison to athletes in other groups, women statistically preferred sports nutritional supplements specifically for “increasing muscle mass” (p=0.11; p<0.05). Freestyle wrestlers expressed a statistically significant negative opinion about the use of sports nutritional supplements compared to athletes in other styles (p=0.015; p<0.05). In addition, female participants exhibited a higher level of knowledge about ergogenic aids compared to male participants (p=0.000).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The intensive use of different muscle groups in various wrestling competition categories influences participants’ attitudes toward sports nutritional supplements. Wrestlers in the Greco-Roman and women’s categories demonstrated a more positive inclination towards sports nutritional supplements, indicating a tendency to use these supplements to shorten recovery times, increase muscle mass, and enhance overall strength.

INTRODUCTION: Despite improvements in pacemakers (PM), quality of life and expectations and barriers of physical activity (PA) of children remains understudied. This study aim to compare quality of life and expectations and barriers of PA with healthy controls and the relationship between these parameters in children with PM.
METHODS: Pediatric patients with arrhythmia aged between 7 and 18 years, with stable clinical conditions and PM implantation for over 1 year, were included in the study. The study comprised 31 patients with pacemaker (16 females, 15 males; mean age: 13.25±3.63 years) and 31 healthy controls matched by age and gender (16 females, 15 males; mean age: 12.09±1.85 years). The pediatric quality of life ýnventory questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. PA Outcome Expectancies, PA Barriers Scale, and PA Home Environment Scale were assessed for PA perception.
RESULTS: The PM and control groups were similar in terms of age, sex, and body mass index (p>0.05). Children with PM had significantly lower positive expectations scores and significantly higher negative expectations scores regarding PA than their healthy peers (p<0.05). Environmental barriers identified by parents of children with PM were significantly lower than those in the healthy group (p<0.05). Physical health scores were significantly lower in the pacemaker group than in the control group, and also parents (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation was found between quality of life scores (total and physical health) and negative expectations from PA (p<0.05). Conversely, total quality of life and physical health scores showed a strong positive correlation with perceived family support for PA (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes the significant role of PA perceptions in the quality of life of pediatric pacemaker patients. Addressing negative expectations and enhancing family support are crucial strategies for promoting PA and improving quality of life in this population.

During sports and exercise, the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, endocrine system, and immune system play an active role. With the start of exercise, sympathetic activity in the body increases and parasympathetic activity is suppressed. With the end of the exercise, sympathetic activity decreases, whereas parasympathetic activity increases and contributes to the recovery process of the individual. The contribution of the parasympathetic system to the restructuring/recovery during the rest period is important in terms of reducing the fatigue of the athletes and enabling them to recover in the early period. Stimulation of the vagus nerve, which is the main branch of the parasympathetic system, can affect many cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic parameters both during rest and exercise. Our article aims to evaluate the potential benefits and effects of using auricular vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for sports purposes on the recovery and performance of athletes in light of the literature. Recovery after exercise can be accelerated with auricular VNS. The negativities caused by overload and excessive training can be reduced. Thanks to better rest and early recovery, the performance in the following training program can be increased. Injuries that may occur due to insufficient recovery can be prevented or injuries can be reduced. We can expect that the auricular VNS method will be used soon in light of sufficient scientific data due to its effects that cannot be considered doping.

ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence language model developed based on a large database. When the use of ChatGPT in nursing education is evaluated, several important factors emerge. ChatGPT assists in reinforcing theoretical knowledge, can provide students with structured training opportunities in laboratory practices by creating checklists, and saves time by offering prompt responses. However, there are disadvantages such as limited reality and a deficiency in clinical application. ChatGPT cannot provide a real patient experience and has limitations in its clinical use. Using ChatGPT in assignments may lead to issues concerning citation, copyright, and ethics. In addition, concerns may arise regarding the protection of patient privacy and confidentiality. Therefore, potential problems arising from the program’s use should be discussed with students, and critical thinking should be encouraged. This review is prepared with the aim of examining the advantages and disadvantages of using ChatGPT in nursing education.