INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS

The BAU Health and Innovation is an international, scientific, open access periodical published in accordance with independent, unbiased, and double-blinded peer-review principles. The journal publishes original articles, reviews, case reports, and other commentary inaccordance with recognized ethical guidelines (https://bauhealth.org/policies) The journal is published every four months and three issues per year (April, August and December). The publication language of the journal is English.

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION

Manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with the ICMJE-Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (updated in December 2015 - http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf). Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines for randomized research studies, the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for observational original research studies, the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) guidelines, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines for experimental animal studies, and the Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non-randomised Designs (TREND) guidelines for non-randomized behavioral and public health evaluations.

Manuscripts may only be submitted through the journal’s online manuscript submission and evaluation system, https://jag.journalagent.com/bauhi. Manuscripts submitted via any other medium will not be evaluated. Manuscripts should be submitted by one of the authors of the manuscript. Submissions by anyone other than one of the authors will not be accepted.

Artificial Intelligence (Ai)–Assisted Technology
At submission, the journal should require authors to disclose whether they used artificial intelligence (AI)– assisted technologies (such as Large Language Models [LLMs], chatbots, or image creators) in the production of submitted work. Authors who use such technology should describe, in both the cover letter and the submitted work, how they used it. Use of AI for writing assistance should be reported in the acknowledgment section. Authors who used AI technology to conduct the study should describe its use in the methods section in sufficient detail to enable replication to the approach, including the tool used, version, and prompts where applicable. Chatbots (such as ChatGPT) should not be listed as authors because they cannot be responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work, and these responsibilities are required for authorship. Therefore, humans are responsible for any submitted material that included the use of AI-assisted technologies. Authors should carefully review and edit the result because AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can be incorrect, incomplete, or biased. Authors should not list AI and AIassisted technologies as an author or co-author, nor cite AI as an author. Authors should be able to assert that there is no plagiarism in their paper, including in text and images produced by the AI. Humans must ensure there is appropriate attribution of all quoted material, including full citations.

Manuscripts will first be submitted to a technical evaluation process in which the editorial staff will ensure that the manuscript has been prepared and submitted in accordance with the journal’s guidelines. Submissions that do not conform to the journal’s guidelines will be returned to the author with requests for technical correction.

The quality and clarity of the language used in a manuscript is very important. The editors may request that authors have the manuscript professionally edited if the language of the submission does not conform to the journal standards. BAU Health and Innovation uses American English. Please submit text of a quality ready for publication. Information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission may contact Kare Media at [email protected]. Please refer to specific formatting requirements noted in the submission checklist and elsewhere in this document.

Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the international guidelines* below

* Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of Health Research (equator network) (https://www.equator-network.org/)

** The BAU Health and Innovation encourages the registration of all clinical trials (randomized and non-randomized) via ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) or one of the registries of the WHO’s International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP: http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/index.html). The name of the trial registry and the registration number together should be provided at the end of the abstract.

MANUSCRIPT FORMATING AND TYPES

The manuscript should be typed in a Microsoft Word™ file, single-column format, double-spaced with 2.5 cm margins on each side, and 12-point type in Times New Roman font.

All abbreviations in the text must be defined the first time they are used (both in the abstract and the main text), and the abbreviations should be displayed in parentheses after the definition. Authors should avoid abbreviations in the title. Measurements should be reported using the metric system according to the International System of Units (SI). When a drug, product, hardware, or software mentioned within the main text product information, including the name of the product, producer of the product, city of the company and the country of the company should be provided in parenthesis.

Original Article: It provides new information based on an original and novel research. It should contain a structured abstract of a maximum of 350 words with the following subheadings: Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusion. The main text of an original article should be structured with Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion, References, Tables, and Figure Legends subheadings. Original articles are limited to 3500 words and 50 references.

Case report: Reports of rare cases or conditions that reflect challenges in diagnosis and treatment, or present something otherwise particularly interesting and educative will be accepted. It should contain an unstructured abstract of a maximum of 200 words and the text should be structured with subheadings of introduction, case report, and discussion. A case report is limited to 1200 words and 15 references.

Review Article: Reviews prepared by authors who have extensive knowledge on a particular field and whose scientific background has been translated into a high volume of publications with a high citation potential are welcomed. These authors may even be invited by the journal. Reviews should describe, discuss, and evaluate the current level of knowledge of a topic in clinical practice and should guide future studies. The subheadings of the review articles should be planned by the authors. However, each review article should include an “Introduction” and a “Conclusion” section. Please check Table 1 for the limitations for Review Articles.

Brief report: A brief report conveys a focused message. Case series are also considered brief reports. These reports are restricted to a maximum of 1500 words, no more than 1 table and 3 figures, and 15 references. It should contain an unstructured abstract of a maximum of 150 words and the text should be structured with subheadings of introduction, methods, results, and discussion.

Editorial comment: Editorial comments provide a brief critical commentary by an invited experienced author in the topic of a research article previously published in the journal. The word count is limited to 1200 and 10 references may be included.
The submission should not include an abstract, keywords, tables, figures, and images.

Letter to the editor: This type of manuscript discusses important observations, ignored aspects, or details lacking in a previously published article. The article that is the subject of commentary must be properly cited within the manuscript. No abstract, keywords, tables, figures, images, or other media should be included. The text should be unstructured and is limited to 500 words. No more than 5 references will be accepted.

Type of manuscript	Word limit	Abstract word limit	Reference limit	Table limit	Figure limit
Original  article	3500	350 (Structured)	50	6	6
Case report	1200	200 (Structured)	15	1	3
Review	5000	250	60	6	6
Brief report	1500	150	15	1	3
Editorial comments	1200	No abstract	15	No tables	No figures
Letter to the editor	500	No abstract	5	No tables	No figures

Cover Letter: The cover letter should include the article name, article type, and the full name and address of the corresponding author. Corresponding author should declare the absence or presence of any conflict of interest in cover letter, and should affirm that the paper has not already been published, accepted, or is under simultaneous review for publication elsewhere in any language. For manuscripts that have been presented orally or as a poster, this must be stated on the title page with the date and the place of the presentation.

Title page: A title page should be submitted with all submissions and this page should include:

• The English full title of the manuscript no more than 150 characters and English short title (running head) of no more than 50 characters
• Name, affiliation, ORCID ID number, e-mails and highest academic degree of the author(s)
• The statement of conflict of interest and funding information
• Name, address, phone number(s), and email address of the corresponding author
• Acknowledgment of the individuals who contributed to the preparation of the manuscript but who do not fulfill the authorship criteria

Abstract: An English-language abstract is required with all submissions except editorial comments, images, and letters to the editor. Systematic reviews and original articles should contain a structured abstract of maximum 250 words with the subheadings of objective, materials and methods, results, and conclusion.

Keywords: Each submission must be accompanied by a minimum of three and a maximum of six keywords for subject indexing included at the end of the abstract. The keywords should be selected from the National Library of Medicine, Medical Subject Headings database (https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html).

Main Document: Divide the text into the following sections: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion. for decimals (e.g. 12354.55).

• Statistical analysis should be conducted in accordance with the guidelines on reporting statistical data in medical journals [Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, Pocock SJ. Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. Br Med J 1983: 7; 1489-93 and Lang T, Altman D. Basic statistical reporting for articles published in clinical medical journals: the SAMPL Guidelines. In: Smart P, Maisonneuve H, Polderman A (editors). Science Editors’ Handbook, European Association of Science Editors, 2013.]. The software used for statistical analysis must be described.
• All references, tables, and figures should be referred to within the main text, and they should be numbered consecutively in the order they are referred to within the main text. Limitations and drawbacks of original articles should be mentioned in the Discussion section before the conclusion paragraph.

Tables
Tables should be uploaded as separate files and not embedded in the main text. They should be numbered consecutively in the order they are referred to within the main text. A descriptive title must be placed above the tables. Abbreviations used in the tables should be defined below the table with footnotes, even if they are defined within the main text. The statistical method of significance value is calculated should be described in footnotes.

Figures and Figure Legends
Figures, graphics, and photographs should be submitted as separate files in TIFF or JPEG format through the article submission system. The files should not be embedded in a Word document or the main document. Thick and thin arrows, arrowheads, stars, asterisks, and similar marks can be used on the images to support figure legend. Any information within the images that may identify an individual or institution should be blinded. The minimum resolution of each submitted figure should be 300 DPI. Figure legends should be listed at the end of the main document.

References

Reference listings must be in accordance with ICMJE standards and numbered consecutively at the end of the manuscript in the order in which they are mentioned in the text. If an ahead of print publication is being cited the DOI number should be provided. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of references. Journal titles should be abbreviated in accordance with the journal abbreviations in Medline/PubMed (for journal abbreviations consult the List of Journals indexed for MEDLINE, published annually by NLM).

When there are 6 or less authors, all authors should be listed. If there are 7 or more authors the first 6 authors should be listed followed by “et al”. In the main text of the manuscript, references should be cited using Arabic numbers in parentheses. The reference styles for different types of publications are presented in the following examples:

Journal article: Erdogan G, Unlu C, Gunay BO, Kardes E, Ergin A. Implantation of foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens in aphakic vitrectomized eyes without capsular support. Arq Bras Oftalmol 2016;79(1):159–62.
(more than six authors): Dahlmann-Noor AH, Comyn O, Kostakis V, Misra A, Gupta N, Heath J, et al. Plusoptix Vision Screener: the accuracy and repeatability of refractive measurements using a new autore fractor. Br J Ophthalmol 2009;93(1):346–9.

Epub ahead-of-print article: Miao Y, Wang X, Yin H, Han R. Effects of cavitation from extracorporeal shock wave combined with sulfur hexafluoride microbubble on myocardial ultrastructure in rats. Anatol J Cardiol 2023 Jun 7. doi: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2023.2946. [Epub ahead of print].

Manuscript published in electronic format: T.C. Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2 Infection) Guide (Science Board Study). Available from: www.hsgm.saglik.gov.tr. Accessed March 25, 2020.

Book section: Suh KN, Keystone JS. Malaria and babesiosis. Gorbach SL, Barlett JG, Blacklow NR, editors. Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams; 2004. pp. 2290-308.

Conference proceedings: Bengisson S. Sothemin BG. Enforcement of data protection, privacy and security in medical informatics. In: Lun KC, Degoulet P, Piemme TE, Rienhoff O, editors. MEDINFO 92. Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Medical Informatics; 1992 Sept 6-10; Geneva, Switzerland. Amsterdam: North-Holland; 1992. pp.1561-5.

Scientific or technical report: Cusick M, Chew EY, Hoogwerf B, Agrón E, Wu L, Lindley A, et al. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Risk factors for renal replacement therapy in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS), Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Kidney Int: 2004. Report No: 26.

REVISIONS

When submitting a revised version of a paper (include a clean copy and a highlighted copy), the author must submit a detailed “Response to reviewers” that replies to each issue point by point raised by the reviewers and indicates where changes can be found (each reviewer’s comment, followed by the author’s reply and line number where changes have been made). Revised manuscripts must be submitted within 30 days from the date of the decision letter. If the revised version of the manuscript is not submitted within the allocated time, the revision option will be automatically withdrawn. If the submitting author(s) believe that additional time is required, they should request this extension within the initial 30-day period.

PUBLICATION PROCESS

Accepted manuscripts will be made available and citable online as rapidly as possible. The stages of publication are as follows:

Uncorrected publication: Accepted, The abstract will appear in journal web page under the “Accepted Articles” section. A DOI will be assigned to the article at this stage.

Ahead-of-print publication: After copy editing, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof, the final corrected version will be added online in the “Ahead-of-Print” section.

Final publication: The final, corrected version will appear in an issue of the journal and will be added to the journal website. To ensure rapid publication, we ask authors to provide their publication approval during the proofreading process as quickly as possible, and return corrections within 48 hours of receiving the proof.

SUBMISSION CHECKLIST

Please use this list and the following explanations to prepare your manuscript and perform a final check before submission to ensure a timely review.

1. A cover letter containing;
   • The article title and type and the full name of the corresponding author,
   • A statement declaring the absence or presence of a conflict of interest,
   • Ethics approval and/or patient consent for publication,
   • The funding information,
   • The data availability a statement that the manuscript has not been previously published or accepted for publication and is not submitted or under simultaneous review for publication elsewhere.
2. A title page including;
   • The full title of the manuscript no more than 150 characters and a short title (running head) of no more than 50 characters
   • Name, affiliation, ORCID ID number, e-mails and highest academic degree of the author(s)
   • The statement of conflict of interest and funding information
   • Name, address, phone number(s), and email address of the corresponding author
   • Acknowledgment of the individuals who contributed to the preparation of the manuscript but who do not fulfill the authorship criteria
   • A statement of the date and place of the meeting where the manuscript was presented orally or as a poster, if necessary
3. Abstract and the main text
4. Tables uploaded as a separate file
5. All Figures have been uploaded and appear correctly
6. The Author Contribution, Conflict of Interest statement (ICJME) and Copyright Transfer forms
7. Ethics Comittee Report, if necessary
8. Permission for reprinted figures, tables, materials or photographs, if necessary